Consequences Of Climate Change On Food Systems - 1342 Words

The agricultural sector in the United States contributes largely to both rural and national social and economic development; however, it is greatly affected by climatic changes. As the world population is expected to increase up to approximately nine billion by 2050, climate change affects the stability of food production and poses food security challenges in the US (Hatfield et al. 2014). Smith et al. 2013, argued that negative impact of climate change on agriculture have a direct impact on global food security. This essay will address the consequences of climate change on food systems in the United States and possible mitigation measures and policies. National Sustainable Agriculture Coalition (NSAC) in the United States is one of the†¦show more content†¦There are very many impacts of climate change on agriculture and well-being of humanity. First of all, it has impacts on the biological effects of crop fields, per capita energy consumption and child malnutrition, and outcome of prices and production (Smith et al. 2013). Globalization of food systems increases the vulnerability of the world to food security and increased food prices. In 2010, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization doubled the price index because of the weather conditions in food exporting nations like Australia, United States, and Russia (Hatfield et al. 2014) Secondly, different crops respond to climate differently as they depend on carbon dioxide, temperature, solar energy, and precipitation (Walthall et al. 2013). Each plant species do well at an optimum concentration of the above requirements. Therefore any alteration to these levels in the atmosphere will lead to a decline in crop yield or plants would adapt to the changes over time. Also, temperature and precipitation changes also lead to an increase in the number of dry days and hot nights (Hatfield et al. 2014). The increase in the number of dry days and hot nights has a devastating effect on crop and animal production. Furthermore, Walthall et al. 2013 confirmed that livestock production systems are susceptible to stress arising from temperature fluctuations. The ability of livestock to adjust their metabolic rates to meet the temperature changesShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Climate Change On The Environment906 Words   |  4 PagesClimate is consistent behavior of temperature, precipitation, humidity, atmospheric pressure and other related environmental factors. Around the globe, temperature a re climbing, sea levels are rising, and season are changing, which means that climate change is transforming our Earth. Climate change indicates negative consequences on the impact to humanity and on the factors of the climate system. By climate change the most endangered is atmosphere, because it changes the composition of uncontrolledRead MoreA Brief Note On Livestock s Long Shadow : Environmental Issues And Options By The Livestock, Environment And Development Initiative867 Words   |  4 Pagesunderst anding and form a stronger conviction as to why environmental organisations, namely the UNFCCC, and more specifically the recent Paris agreement, have been constantly neglecting to shed a light on the livestock system which, apart from fossil fuel, is also a huge threat to drastic climate change; and, subsequently decipher if suggestive recommendations and reforms for policy and its implementation should be incorporated in the outcome of the UNFCCC as soon as possible. Several extensive reports haveRead MoreA Brief Note On Livestock s Long Shadow : Environmental Issues And Options By The Livestock, Environment And Development Initiative865 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstanding and form a stronger conviction as to why environmental organisations, namely the UNFCCC, and more specifically the recent Paris agreement, have been constantly neglecting to shed a light on the livestock system which, apart from fossil fuel, is also a huge threat to drastic climate change; and, subsequently decipher if suggestive recommendations and reforms for policy and its implementation should be incorporated in the outcome of the UNFCCC as soon as possible. Several extensive reports haveRead MoreCause And Effect Of Drought1499 Words   |  6 Pagescreeps up slowly as water sources become low and the next rain can not be reliably predicted neither its intensity. Droughts can happen in any type of climate anywhere in the world but some areas are more prone to drought because they do not have adequate water sources and have seen population explosions that have a greater demand for water than the climate can support. Droughts can be classified as short term or long term. Short-term droughts usually impact the expected amount of water but althoughRead MoreA Brief Look at Climate Change1461 Words   |  6 PagesThere is no doubt that climate change is happening around the world. Climate change is occurring everywhere, but not everyone can see it. Some people fail to realize that climate change is happening because they aren’t aware of what it is. According to the Oxford Dictionary, it is â€Å"the change in global climate patterns are attributed largely to the increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide.† Carbon dioxide is accumulating in the air, which captures the sun’s heat. In return, the earth isRead MoreWhat Are The Risks Of Climate Change And Global Warming?1513 Words   |  7 Pages What Are The Risks Of Climate Change And Global Warming? One can not disagree with the fact that the Earth s climate is changing and it has genuinely become a global problem for mankind. It goes without saying that the fact of the global climate change is confirmed by scientific observations and is not disputed by most scholars. And yet, apparently, there are ongoing discussions around this topic. Some use the term global warming and make apocalyptic predictions, while others predict the onsetRead MoreClimate Change Is An Undeniable And Unavoidable Reality1661 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction â€Å"Climate change will force millions of people to flee their homes over the coming century† (Docherty Giannini et al. 2010). Global climate change has become an undeniable and unavoidable reality. In its latest assessment report, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the international body that provides the most comprehensive reports dealing with the science of climate change, has established that warming of the climate system is ‘unequivocal’. Additionally, it concludes thatRead MoreClimate Changes And Agriculture On Our Environment1747 Words   |  7 PagesDec. 2015 Climate Changes and Agriculture Over the last thousands of years, many factors have contributed to the significant changes that have and continue to take place within our atmosphere. Climate change has become universally recognized, based on scientific results backed by historically observed data, and also acknowledged by public perception in the last decades (Valverde et al 2015). While global warming is a highly debatable topic for the masses, the current climate changes occurring thatRead MoreFirst Nations And Inuit People Often Eat A Diet That Consists1734 Words   |  7 Pagesa diet that consists of â€Å"country foods†, which are traditional foods including: arctic char, seal meat, whale, and caribou (http://icor.ottawainuitchildrens.com/node/19). Today country foods are still a vital food source of nutrition in northern communities, and can provide a cultural connection to people in those communities as well as those who have migrated to urban areas (http://icor.ottawainuitchildrens.com/node/19). Wh ile country foods have been viable food sources traditionally, there is increasingRead MoreThe Consequences And Extinction Of Animals By Climate Change Essay1376 Words   |  6 PagesThe Consequences and the Extinction of Animals By Climate Change â€Å"The warnings about global warming have been extremely clear for a long time. We are facing a global climate crisis. It is deepening. We are entering a period of consequences† (Al Gore). Global warming is a nationwide problem that is affecting people and the environment by the greenhouse gases. Global warming increases the atmospheric temperature. For instance, the solar radiation is reflected by the Earth’s atmosphere. Earth s surface

The Atlanta Compromise Speech Historical Context

The Atlanta Compromise Speech Historical Context: Booker T. Washington was born a slave in 1856 and was nine years old when slavery ended. He became the principal of the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama, a school designed to teach blacks industrial skills. Washington was a skillful politician and speaker, and he won the support of whites in the North and South who donated money to the school. On September 18, 1895 Booker T. Washington gave an address to the Atlanta Cotton States and International Exposition which became known as the â€Å"Atlanta Compromise Speech.† The address appears below. Text Vocabulary Notes Mr. President, Gentlemen of the Board of Directors, and Citizens: One-third of the population of the South is of Negro race. No†¦show more content†¦To those of my race who depend on bettering their condition in a foreign land, or who underestimate the importance of cultivating friendly relations with the Southern white man who is their next door neighbor, I would say, cast down your bucket where you are, cast it down in making friends, in every manly way, of the people of all races by whom you are surrounded. Cast it down in agriculture, in mechanics, in commerce, in domestic service, and in the professions. And in this connection it is well to bear in mind that, whatever other sins the South may be called upon to bear, when it comes to business pure and simple it is in the South that the Negro is given a man’s chance in the commercial world; and in nothing is this Exposition more eloquent than n emphasizing this chance. Our greatest danger is, that, in the great leap from slavery to freedom, we may overlook the fact that the masse s of us are to live by the productions of our hands, and fail to keep in mind that we shall prosper in proportion as we learn to draw the line between superficial and the substantial, the ornamental gewgaws of life and the useful. No race can prosper till it learns that there is as much dignity in tilling a field as in writing a poem. It is at the bottomShow MoreRelatedThe Appropriateness of Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. Du Bois Strategies for Dealing with Problems Faced by African Americans2275 Words   |  10 Pagesoffered different strategies for dealing with the problems of poverty and discrimination faced by Black Americans at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth centuries. Assess the appropriateness of each of these strategies in the historical context in which each was developed. After the period where big businesses operated the country to benefit themselves, the middle class activists began to rise against these unjust actions. The new era was known to be the Progressive Era. Not onlyRead MoreThe Great Debate : The Two Visions Of Advancement For African Americans During The Progressive Era3444 Words   |  14 Pagesboth advocated a different plan to uplift the African-American race as a whole. The two players in this debate were Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Dubois. The first player in the debate, Washington gained national fame with his famous speech, the Atlanta Compromise that he delivered at the Cotton States and International exposition. Washington was a conservative activist who felt that the subordination to white leaders was a crucial for African-Americans in obtaining success as a race and gainingRead MoreThe American Civil War : The United States8725 Words   |  35 Pagesadministration would not initiate civil war. Eight remaining slave sta tes continued to reject calls for secession. Confederate forces seized numerous federal forts within territory claimed by the Confederacy. A peace conference failed to find a compromise, and both sides prepared for war. The Confederates assumed that European countries were so dependent on King Cotton that they would intervene; none did and none recognized the new Confederate States of America. Hostilities began on April 12, 1861Read MoreBible Versus the Toran12356 Words   |  50 Pageswandering begins. 5. DEUTERONOMY - Moses discovers on Gods Act for Israel the decalogue, the ceremonial, civil, and several laws, and covenant ratification. (3) The prophets are: 1. Moses 2. Abraham 3. Issaic 4. Jacob 5. Joseph B. HISTORICAL - 12 BOOKS 1. JOSHUA - First half of Joshua describes the 7-year conquest of the land promise, the last half deals with partitioning the lands to the people. 2. JUDGES - Time of Judges. This was a bad time period. The Israelites did not driveRead MoreAlice Malsenior6001 Words   |  25 PagesAlice Walker: Peeling an Essence As an African- American novelist, short–story writer, essayist, poet, critic, and editor, Alice Walker’s plethora of literary works examines many aspects of African American life as well as historical issues that are further developed by Walker’s unique point of view. Writers like Alice Walker make it possible to bring words and emotions to voices and events that are often silenced. Far from the traditional image of the artist, she has sought what amounts to aRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesnon-Rastafarians tend to be puzzled by the movement. And yet there is little question that it has come to deï ¬ ne Jamaican culture in ways that few people can understand. The value of examining the history of Rastafarianism and placing it in the larger context of social, political, and religious resistance to colonial hegemony cannot be underestimated. What we discover in this book is that there is nothing absurd or farfetched or insane about Rastafarianism. Its formation is part of the genius of anRead More65 Successful Harvard Business School Application Essays 2nd Edition 147256 Words   |  190 Pagesthe readers attention with a compelling opening paragraph can be a key differentiator, Beginning with a personal statement on leadership and a brief description of the management challenge Stacie faced stimulates the readers curiosity about the context and resolu... tion. Throughout the rest of the essay, Stacie reinforces the outcomes of her actions with strong logic. Despite her initial failure, she establishes herself as an effective leader who takes time to analyze the situation, reflects onRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pagescontingency frameworks, performance measurement systems, and strategic cost management, which are considered from the perspective of changing concerns facing modern organizations and present-day management thought as well as in the light of some of their historical di mensions. Other chapters deal with newly emerging concerns in management accounting, including network relations, digitization, integrated cost management systems, knowledge management pursuits, and environmental management accounting. Each chapterRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesissues. McAuley et al. helps student and managers understand organizational performance without having to go through extensive reading. It deepens their understanding of issues with which they are confronted in practice, by putting them into a larger context. This book really helps students and managers to become wiser. Professor Renà © Tissen, Nyenrode Business University, The Netherlands This book will appeal to the student who seeks a thorough and critical understanding of organization theory. It isRead MoreAlternative Dispute Resolution Mechanism21967 Words   |  88 Pageslies â€Å"mediation,† a process by which a third party aids the disputants to reach a mutually agreed solution. This article introduces the key concepts, principles and skills of ADR in a generic form with examples of how they might be applied in the context of water conflicts. The glossary contains definitions of terms used, and readers are advised to familiarize themselves with them. Conflicts have existed in all cultures, religions, and societies since time immemorial, as long as humans have walked

Interviews Indian Institutes of Management and Personal Interview Free Essays

Personality Assessment Round Process Details (2013-2015 batch) By now, you must be quite familiar with the different processes that various B-schools use in the second round of their selection program. Let us now look at some individual institutes to get a better grasp of the mechanism they use in order to select the best candidates. Please note that institutes do keep tinkering with their selection processes from time-to-time. We will write a custom essay sample on Interviews: Indian Institutes of Management and Personal Interview or any similar topic only for you Order Now Therefore, this list can only help you to understand all the stages that an institute has used for selection in recent years with specific focus on last year’s method. However, please remember that it is quite likely that in subsequent years, an institute may use radically different processes as well. IIM Ahmedabad: Process: PGPM: Essay Writing Task + Personal Interview ABM: Group Discussion + Personal Interview Essay Writing: The candidates were given 1 minute to think and 10 minutes to write on the topic. Most of the topics were either general in nature or related to current affairs. Some of the topics given to the candidates were – â€Å"CAG is slowing down progress in India’s telecom and mining sector†, â€Å"Obsession with constant research by smartphone companies has had a serious effect on our social life.†, â€Å"It is advisable to raise the legal drinking age limit to 25 years for responsible drinking. † Group Discussion: Usually, the Group Discussions involved case studies. Candidates were typically given a few minutes to read the case study and prepare their points. At the end of the discussion, candidates had to write a summary of the discussion. Personal Interview: Personal interviews were conducted after completion of the essay writing task / Group Discussion and, generally, lasted for about 15-20 minutes. In this round, candidates were interviewed by panels of two members each. Those with prior work experience were asked detailed questions pertaining to their experience and their company’s business, its market share, growth prospects, industry prospects, turnover, etc. Some candidates were also asked indepth questions pertaining to their job profile and how their previous educational qualifications were being utilized in their current job profile. Candidates with no work experience were generally asked questions relevant to their academic background while a few candidates with prior work experience were also asked questions related to subjects from their academic background. Interestingly, almost all the candidates were asked a few questions from Mathematics as well. The questions related to Mathematics were primarily from areas like probability, distribution curves, statistics, etc. The candidates were also questioned about their hobbies and were expected to have an in-depth knowledge about them. Some candidates were also asked questions about the essay written by them. Specifically for ABM, candidates were asked questions regarding agriculture and why they wanted to join the ABM program. IIM Bangalore: Process: Essay Writing Task + Personal Interview Essay Writing: The candidates were given 10 minutes to think about the given topic and 20 minutes to write on the topic. Most of the topics were related to current affairs. The candidates were required to do a thorough analysis of the topic and in some cases, from a particular point of view. Some of the topics given to the candidates were – â€Å"Is crime rate in urban India high mainly due to economic disparities? †, â€Å"The world is in social, economic and political turmoil. Any suggestions to improve. †, â€Å"Recently a law has been passed to ban A-rated films on television. Why do you think this decision has been taken? † Personal Interview: Each interview panel comprised three members – two professors and one alumnus of the institute. The interviews were mostly very general in nature. Candidates were asked questions pertaining to various aspects of their CV and SOP (Statement of Purpose) and the panel was typically quite pleasant and friendly. The interviews usually started with the panelists asking the candidates to talk about themselves. Some of the candidates were asked about current developments involving their company or industry. Some of them were also asked analytical questions on issues surrounding their industry / area of work. Typically, most of the candidates were asked a few questions regarding what they had written in their SOPs. IIM Calcutta: Process: Essay Writing Task + Personal Interview Essay Writing: Candidates were allotted 15 minutes to write on the topic. The word limit for the essay was 200 words. The topics given were general in nature and typically required analysis of an issue. Some of the topics given to the candidates were – â€Å"Corruption in sports committees and government interference are degrading the quality of sports in India. Elaborate and provide remedies.†, â€Å"The television media focuses more on violence, disaster and negative news. Why is it so? †, â€Å"What are your views on FDI in retail? † Personal Interview: Mostly, panels which interviewed the candidates had three members. The interviews were largely general in nature. Most of the candidates were asked questions pertaining to various aspects of their CV. Some of them were asked in-depth questions about their subjects or areas of interest. Several candidates were asked detailed questions about their prior work-experience and their reasons for choosing to pursue an MBA. IIM Lucknow: Process: Essay Writing Task + Group Discussion + Personal Interview Essay Writing: Candidates were allotted 15 minutes to write on the assigned topic. The word limit for the essay was 200 words. The topics given were philosophical / abstract. Some of the topics given to candidates were – â€Å"Fame and riches are fleeting, stupidity is eternal†, â€Å"A great city should not be confused with a populous one†, â€Å"Engine is the heart of an airplane and the pilot is its soul†. Group Discussion: The Group Discussion was held immediately after the essay writing. The topic was the same as the Essay writing task. Each group comprised 10-12 candidates. The groups were given 15 minutes to discuss the topic. Personal Interview: Panels comprising two members interviewed candidates. The interviews were very general in nature and often focused primarily on the candidate’s goals and aims, as well as past experiences. Detailed questions related to area of work / job profile were common as were questions related to one’s subjects of study while pursuing graduation. Many candidates were asked about their decision to pursue MBA and the candidates who had applied for ABM were asked about their reasons for opting for ABM. Candidates were also asked questions pertaining to various aspects of their CV. While most of the interviews lasted for about 20-25 minutes, some candidates reported very brief interviews of just about 8-10 minutes. IIM Indore: Process: Essay Writing Task + Personal Interview Essay Writing: Candidates were allotted 30 minutes to write on the given topic. The word limit for the essay was 300 words. The topics given were very general and analytical in nature. Some of the topics given to the candidates were – â€Å"Today’s popular TV serials depict a life different from normal life. Is it a form of escapism or just for entertainment? †, â€Å"How does migration of people into other countries affect nationalism and patriotism? †, â€Å"With so many mergers and acquisitions by big business houses in India, is there any future for small scale enterprises in the country? Suggest ways to help out small scale enterprises. †, â€Å"Despite advances in medical science, progress is slow. Should research knowledge be shared with other scientists or should it be a closely guarded secret? † Personal Interview: The candidates were interviewed by a panel of three members. The interviews often focused primarily on a candidate’s academic background. Detailed questions related to the candidate’s subjects of study while pursuing graduation were asked to almost all candidates, even those who had more than two years of prior work experience. Candidates with work experience were generally asked detailed questions about their job profile. Some candidates were queried on their decision to quit their job and pursue an MBA. Quite a few candidates were also asked questions about their hobbies and extracurricular activities while some were also asked questions about  current affairs, specifically questions related to the budget. Interviews typically lasted for about 25 to 35 minutes. IIM Kozhikode: Process: Essay Writing Task + Personal Interview Essay Writing: Candidates were allotted 45 minutes to write on the given topic. The word limit for the essay was 500 words. The topics given were philosophical. Some of the topics were – â€Å"I don’t know the key to success, but the key to failure is trying to please everyone†, â€Å"Forgive your enemies but don’t forget their names†, â€Å"Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence†. Personal Interview: Panels comprising two members interviewed the candidates. The interviews did not have a set pattern; rather, they were more panel-dependent. While some candidates reported that their interviews were very general in nature and focused on their goals and aims, others reported that their interviews comprised only current affairs questions. Some candidates even reported that they were asked questions pertaining to their academic background only. Interviews generally were 20-30 minutes long. IIM Shillong: Process: Group Discussion (Case study + Essay) + Personal Interview Group Discussion: Each group comprised 8-10 students. They were given a topic and the candidates were allotted 10 minutes to read the topic and write on it. This topic was then discussed by the group for 15 minutes. The topics given were small cases which described certain scenarios. The candidates had to present their perspectives on the given case. The cases were quite general in nature. Some of the cases given to the candidates were – â€Å"A diamond necklace has been stolen fromjewellery store. There is no evidence. The security in-charge decides to pin the blame on the person who last handled the necklace. It was also pointed out that the accused had provided some fake data in his joining application form. Decide whether he can be expelled on that basis, with the charge of theft. †, â€Å"An automobile company had done whatever they could to ramp up the production like overtime, compensation increment etc. There was an employee aged around 30 who died on the floor of the factory. He had been doing overtime to get extra compensation for his family needs. Now the production manager wanted to increase the production owing to the impending festival season. But the employees disagreed on grounds of the death, and demanded 200% increment in overtime compensation. What should the production manager do? † Personal Interview: A panel, typically comprising three members, interviewed candidates. The panelists were reported to be very pleasant. The interviews generally focused on current affairs and the candidate’s academic background. Questions on current affairs were asked in order to get the candidate’s opinions on various issues and these opinions were then thoroughly discussed. At times, these questions were also based on the interest areas mentioned by candidates in their resume. A few candidates with prior work experience were also questioned in detail about the nature and technical aspect of their work. Some candidates were also asked ethical questions, like â€Å"What is the difference between right and wrong? †, â€Å"Is it right for the pharma companies to give gifts to medical practitioners? †, etc. Interviews typically lasted for about 20 to 30 minutes. New IIMs Joint Process: Process: Essay Writing Task + Personal Interview Essay Writing: For this task, candidates were allotted 20 minutes to write on the given topic and the word limit was 300 words. The topics given were very general in nature, like – â€Å"MBA, B. Tech are gearing up with the market. Are the courses like Literature, Sociology, etc. irrelevant in education today? Give your opinion†, â€Å"What if a business chooses to focus on the bottom of the pyramid? Is innovation really necessary for the growth of a business? †, â€Å"Social networking strengthens relationships but also makes youngsters lonely. † Personal Interview: Interviews were conducted after completion of the essay writing task. Candidates were interviewed by a panel of two members. The interviews were largely pleasant and stress-free. Different candidates were asked different kinds of questions; there was no set pattern to the interviews. While some of the candidates with prior work experience were asked detailed questions pertaining to their experience, including details about their company; other candidates were primarily asked questions pertaining to their goals and ambitions. Questions such as how do subjects from your graduation help you in your job, etc. were also asked. Some candidates were also asked questions related to their academic background, their hobbies and even the effects of the most recent budget. FMS, Delhi: Process: Group Discussion + Extempore + Personal Interview Group Discussion: Group discussions typically lasted for about 14 minutes. Each group was given one minute to think before the discussion began and one minute to conclude the discussion. Every group comprised 10 to 15 candidates. The topics given to the candidates for discussion were general in nature. Some of them were – â€Å"Formal education stems the free spirit. †, â€Å"Should sting operations be carried out? †, â€Å"Morals and values are on the decline in India†. Extempore: The extempore was typically conducted at the start of the personal interview. Candidates were given their topic and 1 minute to speak on it. No preparation time was given. A stopwatch was kept on a table in front of the candidate so that he / she could keep a tab on the time. Topics allotted to the candidates were general in nature and many of them were given topics that were somewhat related to their work. For e.g. , a candidate, who had worked in the Oil and Gas sector, was given the topic â€Å"Energy sector in India†. Another candidate, who had work experience in the field of Data Analytics and had qualified for the Maths Olympiad, was asked to speak about â€Å"Infinity†. Personal Interview:Typically, interviews were quite brief and continued for about 5 minutes. Most of them were conducted by a panel of three interviewers. The interviews were quite general in nature. Questions primarily dealt with current affairs and / or hobbies and interest areas mentioned by candidates in their forms. A few candidates reported that they were also queried about their ambitions and future plans. MDI, Gurgaon: Process: Group Discussion + Personal Interview Group Discussion: Typically, around 12 to 15 candidates participated in each group discussion and they were given around 15 minutes for the discussion. Additionally, 3 minutes were given to the group to think about the topic. At the end of every discussion, each candidate was asked to summarize what all had been discussed. Further, all the candidates were asked if they wanted to say something more on the topic. In some groups, candidates were also asked to write down a conclusion of the discussion at the end. Topics for the discussion were very general in nature, like – â€Å"Certainty of justice is more important than severity of punishment. †, â€Å"Does Reservation in Higher Education hamper the real purpose of Education? †, â€Å"Should religious teachings be taught in our schools to inculcate better values in students? † Personal Interview: Generally, a panel consisting of two members interviewed the candidates while a few candidates reported that there was only one interviewer in their case. The average interview lasted for around 10 minutes. However, there were some students who reported that their interview went on for 30 minutes and some others said that theirs lasted hardly 5 minutes. The interviews were quite pleasant and were very general in nature. Candidates were typically queried about their opinions on various issues of current affairs. In many cases, candidates were also queried on the topic that was given to them for their group discussion. Candidates with work experience were also asked questions related to their job profile and the industry they were in. How to cite Interviews: Indian Institutes of Management and Personal Interview, Essays

Database Design and Entity Relationship Model

Queston: Describe the database design, entity relationship model,and database implementatiin? Answer: Database design methods According to the requirements of the database, the first step for designing a database is to create the structure of the database with the help of various tables of the database. The second step is to create the database is the designing of the table and entity relationship model. The third step for designing the database is to determine the primary keys as well as the foreign keys from different tables. The third step for creating a database is the normalization; the normalization of the table can be broadly categorized into five kinds such as, first normalization form or 1NF, second normalization form or 2NF, third normal form or 3NF, fourth normal form, fifth normal form and the Boyce-codd normal form. The entity relationship model can be referred to as such kind of data model which describes the relationship between different tables and attributes of the table. The relationship model is basically used for designing the relational database. From the model of entity relationship va rious relationships between the several data can be found whether it is one to one relationship or one to many relationships model. The normalization process of database design can be defined as such kind of process which is used to organize the attributes of the tables of the relational database to reduce the redundancy. Database design 1) Entity relationship model The entity relationship model showcases the relationship between four tables such as management table, member table, accessories table and player table. The management table consists of four entities such as admin_Id, Admin_name, admin_contact no and the admin_address. The membership detail consists of four entities such as Mem_Id, Mem_name, Mem_address and Email_id. The accessories table consists of three entities such as no of balls, no of rackets and the number of footballs. The player table consists of four entities such as player_id, player_name, player_contact number and email_id. The management table has 1 to n relationship with membership detail, player table and the accessories table. The membership details table has a relationship with the player table. The player table also has a relationship with the accessories table. 2) 3NF form of the structure The above relationship diagram showcases the third normalization form of the relational database. The third normalize form is constructed between the two tables such as membership details and the player. The player table consists of four entities such as player_id, player_name, player_contact no and the email_id and the membership details consist of 4 four entities. The member id is associated with the player id and the member name is associated with the player name and the membership email id is associated with the player email id. Database implementation 1) 2) To create a table in MS access 2007 first, you should click on create blank database which will show the new blank database. The developer should enter the table name such as membership details, player details, management details and accessories details. After that the developer should double click on add new fields where in table design view the developer should enter the various column name of that table. After filling up all the tables with different entities the developer should click on save button to save the tables. After filling up all the details of the table the designer should click on the database tools to click the relationship to create entity relationship of the database model. The entity relationship showcases the different types of relationship like 1 to n or 1 to 1 relationship between different tables and its entities. The management table has many relationships with the membership table, player table and the accessories table. The third normalization form of the d atabase has also been described in this design. The 3NF normalization has been created between the two tables such as the membership details table and the player table. 3) The overall design report have been described in the above screenshot which denotes the four different tables such as the membership details, player table, management table and the accessories table. The four tables have different types of entities which also related with the entities of the other tables. References Bain, M. and Whitehead, A. (2007).SugarCRM developer's manual. Birmingham, U.K.: Packt Pub. Haley, M. (2005).The Concordance database manual. Norwood Mass.: Books24x7.com. Harrington, J. (2002).Relational database design clearly explained. New York: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers. Hernandez, M. (1997).Database design for mere mortals. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley Developers Press. Lightstone, S., Teorey, T. and Nadeau, T. (2007).Physical database design. Amsterdam: Morgan Kaufmann/Elsevier. Ling, T., Lee, M. and Dobbie, G. (2005).Semistructured database design. New York: Springer. McHugh, P. (1989).Alaska IPASS database preparation manual. Portland, Or. (319 S.W. Pine St., P.O. Box 3890, Portland 97208): U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. Penney, A. (1997).Climate database (CLIDB) user's manual. Wellington, N.Z.: NIWA. Roman, S. (1999).Access database design programming. Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly. Stephens, R. (2009).Beginning database design solutions. Indianapolis, IN: Wiley Pub. Stephens, R. and Plew, R. (2001).Database design. Indianapolis, Ind.: Sams. Teorey, T., Lightstone, S. and Nadeau, T. (2005).Database modeling design. Amsterdam: Elsevier.